想必留学生们或多或少都会遇到Essay没有通过的情况，这其中的原因有很多，但写作质量因素是大家最容易忽略的一种。在众多的影响因素之中，写作质量是最容易影响读者阅读的，因此写作质量也是英文essay写作的核心，下面就给大家详细讲解一下。
Essay内容
遵照一般Essay内容规则就是将需要的内容放在适切的位置(例:Introduction,Methods,Results,and Discussion)。虽然大家会觉得Essay本身应该就能够让大家了解到内容的重要性、背景、结果等等内容，然而事实上能够让Essay拥有影响力的是写作本身，也就是每个单字、句法、上下行文、论证和逻辑与架构。我们可以将Essay内容再拆解成两大类:
Consistency of material:Is the material consistent and logical in its exposition?Does the title match the actual topic?Is the abstract up to date with all of the findings in the paper?
Inclusion of appropriate content:Is everything included that needs to be?Do the introductions,methods,results,and discussions sections include all of the necessary information?
Essay内容检查清单：
建议同学们最好了解Essay哪里最可能出现问题以及出现怎样的问题，把握状况之后，才能快速改善:
标题误导或模棱两可:一个无法明确定义出研究范围的标题是相当致命的错误。
不精确的摘要:摘要有时候在Essay完成的前几个月就已经先写好了，因此在Essay完成后，一定要重新比对过摘要，确保摘要与Essay内容一致。
不完整的绪论:没有将研究问题、假说或研究目标的足够资讯写进去，也时常缺少一或多个在结果或结论部分中的元素。
粗心的Method:为了避免重写Method，许多人直接将其复制贴上，但这是自我剽窃。摘要与方法都必须更新以反映特定的现行研究设计与分析。除了特定情况之外，该列引用却没有列出的话，将被认定为自我剽窃。
省略结果:为了遵守字数限制，有些作者会在Essay中省略掉某些部分。如果研究结果为多样，就选择最重要的那一个，并详细说明。通常能够往回推到你研究问题的结果就是你应该要聚焦的部分。
没有逻辑的结论:
内容衔接有断层且缺乏有力的支持
内容过于广泛，跟结果关联性低
呈现方式有偏见
没有详细的解释关键结果
没有详细描述研究的限制
标题:Essay的战袍
标题是所有读者第一眼看到的部份，有些老师如果认为标题太长或很奇怪，也会成为你的扣分项，反过来，出色的标题能够让人留下好印象，增加成功的机率，进而提高老师对你的Essay的印象好了，分数自然也会上去。以下是建议参考的内容:
Keep it short—one recent study showed that articles with shorter titles are viewed and cited more frequently.
Don’t write in complete sentences when a phrase will work even better.
Never use abbreviations just to save space—it looks highly unprofessional and also won’t get as many keyword hits in a search.
Narrow the scope of your title—If your paper is a cross-sectional study of a gastrointestinal diseases in 70-80 year-olds in Seville,Spain,writing a title that reads“Disorders of the Stomach in Elderly Spanish People”is not going to give readers a good idea of what your paper really covers.
Strike a balance for the keywords–not too general,not too specific.
Narrow the scope of your title—If your paper is a cross-sectional study of a gastrointestinal diseases in 70-80 year-olds in Seville,Spain,writing a title that reads“Disorders of the Stomach in Elderly Spanish People”is not going to give readers a good idea of what your paper really covers
摘要:Essay的地图
摘要是Essay的重点，因为许多期刊的编辑群会以标题跟摘要来决定是否整篇Essay有阅读的价值，因此在草拟和修改摘要时，可以使用以下的建议:
How do you know when you’ve written enough information in the abstract?A simple rule-of-thumb is to imagine that you are another researcher doing a similar study.Then ask yourself:if your abstract was the only part of the paper you could access,would you be happy with the amount of information presented there?Does it tell the whole story about your study?If the answer is“no”then the abstract likely needs to be revised.Even better,give your abstract to another reader and ask them if they understand the important aspects of your study.
It is crucial to determine which type of abstract a given journal recommends or accepts.If you write an unstructured abstract when the journal calls for a structured one,or a descriptive type when it should be informative,you are not helping make a good impression on the journal editor.
Every journal has its own guidelines for abstracts.Whether it be formatting(schools of style,word count,heading rules,etc.)or preference for passive voice over active,the form and style of a journal’s manuscripts can be central to its identity and connecting to its readership and are thus strictly adhered to.A golden rule of journal submissions is to check the submissions guidelines of every journal you submit to.
The abstract should remain clear and free of any unnecessary or extraneous details.This includes…
Lengthy background information
References to other literature
Ellipses(“…”)or incomplete sentences
Visual aids or references to them
以上就是关于提升英文Essay写作质量的一些方法，同学们要做的就是将这些方法落实在你的Essay当中，那么你Essay的质量一定能得到提升。 |
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