托福阅读中常见的介词短语介绍

在托福阅读中经常见到的介词短语有哪些,下面从两方面进行介绍。
  一、带-ing词尾的介词
  barring:except,not including除...外
  concerning:about,regarding论及,关于
  excepting=except
  failing:in default of因缺少....;在缺少...时
  following:after in time;as a sequel to在...以后
  including:if we include如果包括我;......包括在内
  pending:during/until在.....期间/直到.....为止
  regarding:about,concerning,in respect of
  二、成语介词
  according tas stated by/ in proportion根据...../依照.......
  ahead of:further forward in space or time sb/sth; ealier tan sb/sth; further advanced than sb/sth
  along with:in addition to;together with另外,加之,还有
  apart from:exceping,not considering; in addition to除....外/且莫说;除...之外尚有
  as for:with regard to至于
  as from:on and after(a specified time)从一特定时 间开始
  as of=as from
  as regards:about,concerning至于,就...而论
  as twith regard to关于,至于
  because of:on account of,by reason
  but for:without the help or hindrane etc.of假如没有....(帮助或障碍等);要不是
  by means of凭借.....的方法
  due to,because of由于
  except for:not including,other than除了
       in accordance with:in conformity to一致;依据
  in front of:ahead of ,in the presence of在前面;当着......的面
  in place of:in exchange for,instead of作为...的交换
  in spite of:notwithstanding不管,不顾
  instead of:in place of
  in view of:considering由于,鉴于
  with a view twuth the hope or intention of指望,考虑到
  near tto or at a short distance from(in space,time,condition,or resemnlance)
  next talmost,virtually几乎
  on account of: beause of
  on behalf of:in the interests of;as representative为了.....的利益/代表
  owing tbecause of由于
  prior tbefore在前,居先
  together with:as well as和,连同
  up tuntil/below or equal to直到/不多于
  in regard to=with regard tas concerns,in respect of
  in that由于,因为
  now that由于
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